Plastikinių gaminių kokybės įvertinimo vadovas

Įvadas

Plastic products, encompassing a myriad of household and industrial items, are predominantly processed from plastic as the principal raw material. This includes products derived from various processes such as injection moulding and blistering. Understanding the quality of these products is paramount, starting with recognising the raw materials used in their formation.

The Formation of Plastic Products

The synthetic resins commonly utilised in general plastics for plastic products include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), modified polystyrene (ABS), and polycarbonate (PC). These are the foundational elements of many plastic products we encounter daily.

To enhance the strength and heat resistance of plastics and to curtail costs, fillers are incorporated. Commonly used fillers encompass wood powder, plant fibre, glass fibre, diatomaceous earth, asbestos, and carbon black.

Plasticisers, such as phthalates, are employed to augment the plasticity and flexibility of plastics. Stabilisers are integrated to prevent synthetic resins from decomposing and being destroyed by light and heat, with stearates and epoxy resins being commonly used.

Colourants bestow various colours upon plastics, with organic dyes and inorganic pigments being prevalently used. Lubricants, such as metal salts of stearic acid, ensure the plastic does not adhere to the mould during processing and render the surface of the plastic smooth and aesthetically pleasing.

Distinguishing Good from Bad Plastic Products

The quality of plastic products can be ascertained through tactile sense, olfaction, and vision. High-quality products exhibit clean edges, indicative of superior mould and flash repair. Products with a mild plastic odour are typically of higher quality, while those with a strong plastic smell or a pungent odour are indicative of lower quality. Transparent and colourless products without impurities denote better quality, while opaque products are often of inferior quality, produced with recycled materials.

Choosing Plastic Products

When selecting plastic products, considering their intended use is essential. Household preservative film is primarily fabricated from polyethylene (PE) plastic film. Seek the signs of “PE”, “PVC-free”, and “suitable for microwave heating” to ensure the product’s safety.

Plastic bags should be procured from reputable stores. They should feel smooth to the touch, appear clear when shaken, be flammable emitting white smoke, and remain odourless/colourless in water.

Another variant of plastic wrap is polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic film. This type of plastic wrap incorporates a substantial amount of plasticiser phthalates during processing, which will release detrimental components when exposed to heat and oil. Hence, it is solely suitable for the cold storage of vegetables and fruits.

Išvada

In conclusion, comprehending the raw materials and distinguishing features of plastic products is vital in assessing their quality. This knowledge can guide you in making informed choices when purchasing plastic products, ensuring safety and reliability.

DUK

• What is the highest quality plastic?

  • High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is often considered one of the highest quality plastics due to its durability, strength, and resistance to chemicals and UV light.

• How is plastic quality measured?

  • Plastic quality is measured through various tests assessing properties such as tensile strength, elasticity, hardness, and thermal stability. The presence of impurities and compliance with industry standards also determine quality.

• What are the factors affecting the quality of plastic products?

  • Factors affecting quality include the type of raw materials used, the manufacturing process, the addition of fillers and plasticisers, and adherence to quality control standards.

• What are the main problems in plastic products?

  • Main problems can include structural defects, impurities, degradation due to environmental exposure, and the release of harmful substances.

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